Present tense of the verb TENER 1

Tener — present tense conjugation — tengo, tienes, tiene, tenemos, tenéis, tienen. Two irregularities: (1) the yo form is tengo (a go-verb); (2) the stem has an e → ie change in all forms except yo, nosotros, vosotros: tienes, tiene, tienen. Both patterns must be remembered together.

Tener in common expressions — Many states expressed with "to be" in English use tener in Spanish: tener hambre/sed (to be hungry/thirsty), tener frío/calor (to be cold/hot), tener sueño (to be sleepy), tener razón (to be right), tener miedo (to be afraid), tener prisa (to be in a hurry).

Tener que + infinitive — Tener que + infinitive = to have to / must (personal obligation): Tengo que estudiar. ¿Tienes que trabajar mañana? This is the most common way to express obligation in everyday Spanish. Contrast with deber + infinitive, which is slightly more formal and sometimes implies moral obligation.